Kinetics of faecal biomass hydrothermal carbonisation for hydrochar production.

Highlights: [•] Solids decomposition and hydrochar production modelled by first order kinetics. [•] Arrhenius rate constant characterisation of sewage sludge carbonisation. [•] The activation energy of synthetic faeces was higher than that of sewage sludge. [•] Reaction temperature had more effect on solids decomposition than reaction time. [•] Feedstock moisture content affected hydrochar yield and extent of carbonisation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]