Biochar soil amendment as a solution to prevent Cd-tainted rice from China: Results from a cross-site field experiment.

Highlights: [•] Biochar treatment at 20–40tha−1 reduced rice Cd by 20%–90% from metal polluted rice fields. [•] Grain Cd under biochar treatment fell in a safe level by 0.4mgkg−1 in soils with Cd in range 0.16–4.83mgkg−1. [•] Biochar amendment caused Cd immobilization primarily due to the liming effect by biochar. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]