The subgroup problem: When can binding voting on extractions from a common pool resource overcome the tragedy of the commons?

Highlights: [•] We experimentally explore cooperation in a common pool resource game. [•] We test how cooperation varies with the level at which votes are aggregated. [•] Individual extractions and voting in subgroups lead to resource overextraction. [•] Voting on globally binding rules achieves the social optimum. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]