Mecanismos fisiopatológicos involucrados en la enfermedad de Parkinson.

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological condition that affects millions of people in the world. Its pathophysiological feature is the loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. The possible causes of this disease are diverse and that includes genetic mutations and environmental toxins, but the exact cause leading to the neuronal death remains unknown. Some pathogenic mechanisms that are basic to the degeneration of the dopaminergic cells has been characterized, and the evidence is presented and discussed in this work. Briefly, the deficiency in the dopamine storing into the synaptic vesicles leads to its uncontrolled metabolism, generating free radicals and reactive oxygen species in the cytoplasm. This seems to be the kick off of the processes for annihilating these neurons, and eventually progressing to a Parkinson's disease. This seems to be the common pathophysiological pathway underlining both, the genetic and the sporadic forms of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]