MicroRNAs Regulate the Pathogenesis of CVB3-lnduced Viral Myocarditis.

Aims: To evaluate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis. Methods: We detected miRNA expression pro-filing by microarray utilizing a mouse model on day 4 after CVB3 infection. Then we validated differentially expressed miRNAs using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We predicted target genes using miRNA target prediction data-bases and assessed them using mRNA microarray and quali-tative reverse transcription PCR measurements. By analyzing the target function of differentially expressed miRNAs, we initially explored the regulating role of miRNAs in viral myo-carditis. Results: We found five differentially expressed miRNAs that are involved in regulating several important innate immune and antiviral pathways such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-l-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Conclusion: miRNAs regulate the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. This study may provide a new perspec-tive and a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis that may help with the development of novel therapies against CVB3 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]