Financial and environmental costs of manual versus automated control of end-tidal gas concentrations.

The article discusses a study which compared the costs of manual and automated control of end-tidal gases in anaesthesia machines. The study focused on each control method's cost and greenhouse gas emissions of isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane. It was found that the cost of volatile agent when using manual control was higher than automated control. The researchers conclude that automated control offers significant economic and environmental benefits.