Deformation and damage of linear elastic homogeneous and composite materials (review).

The studies on the deformation and short- and long-term damage of homogeneous and composite materials are systematized. In the case of short-term damage, a single microdamage is modeled by an empty quasispherical pore formed in place of a microvolume damaged in accordance with the Huber-Mises or Schleicher-Nadai failure criterion. The ultimate microstrength is assumed to be a random function of coordinates. In the case of long-term damage, the damage of a single microvolume is characterized by its stress-rupture strength determined by the dependence of the time to brittle fracture on the difference between the equivalent stress and its limit, which is the ultimate strength. The equation of porosity balance at an arbitrary time and the equations relating macrostresses and macrostrains constitute a closed system. Algorithms of calculating the dependence of microdamage and macrostresses on time and macrostrains are developed. The effect of temperature and the resistance of particles of damaged material on the curves is studied [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]