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Evidence that genes for depression impact on the pathway from trauma to psychotic-like symptoms by occasioning emotional dysregulation.
- Source :
-
Psychological Medicine . Feb2012, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p283-294. 12p. - Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- BackgroundGenes for depression may act by making individuals more sensitive to childhood trauma. Given that childhood adversity is a risk factor for adult psychosis and symptoms of depression and psychosis tend to cluster within individuals and families, the aim was to examine whether the association between childhood adversity and psychotic-like symptoms is moderated by genetic liability for depression. A secondary aim was to determine to what degree a depression-related increase in stress sensitivity or depressive symptoms themselves occasioned the moderating effect.MethodFemale twins (n=508) completed both prospective and retrospective questionnaires regarding childhood adversity [the Symptom Checklist-90 – Revised (SCL-90-R) and SCID-I (psychotic symptoms)] and psychotic trait liability [the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE)]. Stress sensitivity was indexed by appraisals of event-related stress and negative affect (NA) in the flow of daily life, assessed with momentary assessment technology for five consecutive days. Multilevel regression analyses were used to examine moderation of childhood adversity by genetic liability for depression in the prediction of follow-up psychotic experiences.ResultsThe effect of childhood adversity was significantly moderated by genetic vulnerability for depression in the model of both follow-up psychotic experiences (SCL-90-R) and follow-up psychotic trait liability (CAPE). The moderation by genetic liability was mediated by depressive experience but not by stress sensitivity.ConclusionsGenetic liability for depression may potentiate the pathway from childhood adversity to psychotic-like symptoms through dysfunctional emotional processing of anomalous experiences associated with childhood trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Subjects :
- *MENTAL depression genetics
*CHI-squared test
*EMOTIONS
*INTERVIEWING
*LONGITUDINAL method
*PSYCHOLOGICAL tests
*PSYCHOSES
*QUESTIONNAIRES
*RESEARCH funding
*SELF-evaluation
*PSYCHOLOGICAL stress
*TWINS
*SYMPTOMS
*EFFECT sizes (Statistics)
*RETROSPECTIVE studies
*DATA analysis software
*DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00332917
- Volume :
- 42
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Psychological Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 71964047
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711001474