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Impact of time–activity patterns on personal exposure to black carbon
- Source :
-
Atmospheric Environment . Jul2011, Vol. 45 Issue 21, p3594-3602. 9p. - Publication Year :
- 2011
-
Abstract
- Abstract: Time–activity patterns are an important determinant of personal exposure to air pollution. This is demonstrated by measuring personal exposure of 16 participants for 7 consecutive days: 8 couples of which one person was a full-time worker and the other was a homemaker; both had a very different time–activity pattern. We used portable aethalometers to measure black carbon levels with a high temporal resolution and a PDA with GPS-logger and electronic diary. The exposure to black carbon differs between partners by up to 30%, although they live at the same location. The activity contributing most to this difference is transport: Average exposure in transport is 6445 ng m−3, followed by exposure during shopping (2584 ng m−3). Average exposure is lowest while sleeping (1153 ng m−3) and when doing home-based activities (1223 ng m−3). Full-time workers spend almost twice as much time in transport as the homemakers. As a result of the study design we measured in several different homes, shops, cars, etc. enabling a better insight in true overall exposure in those microenvironments. Other factors influencing personal exposure are: background concentrations and location of residence in an urban, suburban or rural environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13522310
- Volume :
- 45
- Issue :
- 21
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Atmospheric Environment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 60790800
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.064