Light-driven manipulation of picobubbles on a titanium oxide phthalocyanine-based optoelectronic chip.

Microbubbles have a variety of applications in science and biological technology. Here, we demonstrate the manipulation of the picoliter gas bubble (picobubble) based on the optoelectronic-mechanism. The organic photoconductive material, titanium oxide phthalocyanine (TiOPc), was developed to make the light-sensitive substrate of this optoelectronic chip. The virtual electrodes are formed by projecting the dynamic light pattern onto TiOPc layer for generating the desired nonuniform electric field. The picobubble suspended in silicone oil can be manipulated with the velocity of 40-50 μm/s. The driving force up to 160 pico-Newtons could be generated for manipulating a gas bubble of 300 picoliters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]