Phase I trial of combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (TPS) in patients with locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer.

Background: We investigated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of combination therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1 (TPS) in patients with locally advanced or recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer (HNC).Patients and methods: Treatment consisted of docetaxel (Taxotere) at doses of 50, 60, and 70 mg/m2; cisplatin at 70 mg·m2/day on day 1; and S-1 twice daily on days 1–14 at doses of 40, 60, and 80 mg·m2/day, repeated every 3 or 4 weeks.Results: Forty patients were enrolled. MTD was not reached until level 4. Subjects at expanded dose were limited to patients with locally advanced disease. Two dose-limiting toxic effects (DLTs) were observed at dose level 5 (TPS: 70/70/80 mg·m2/day, every 3 weeks), namely one grade 3 infection and one grade 3 hyperbilirubinemia, establishing this as the MTD. Of 12 patients treated at dose level 6 (TPS: 70/70/60 mg·m2/day, every 3 weeks), 2 DLTs were seen. Six achieved a complete response and 22 a partial response, giving a response rate of 70%.Conclusions: TPS was well tolerated. The recommended phase II dose as induction chemotherapy for locally advanced HNC was determined as 70/70/60 mg·m2/day every 3 weeks. Antitumor activity was highly promising and warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]