Beam-induced damage on diffractive hard X-ray optics.

The article presents a study on the damage induced by intense X-ray beam on diffractive X-ray optics. The study uses X-ray diffraction to monitor the gratings' diffraction efficiency as a function of irradiation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the beam-induced damage. Results show that a vacuum environment could slow down the damage induced by beams and reduces its effect on the diffraction efficiency while diffractive X-ray optics must avoid organic compounds.