La modernidad como imaginario: la excepcionalidad de Europa o la modernidad como geografía y como experiencia histórica de Europa.

The study of globalization undertaken by the social sciences shows multiple facets of the present and the future, as well as the past. The epistemological change found in methodological cosmopolitanism reveals a past that is different from the one presented to us in conventional historiography. The history of Europe is reinterpreted not as a particular or special event, but as the result of global dynamics, waves of globalization that have their remote origin in antiquity. Study based on the social sciences focused with a broader historic lens; that is, from the standpoint of globalization, highlights a process in which Europe and modernity are represented as contingencies and not as teleologies that would determine world history. The social sciences have broken free of the confines of Eurocentrism, and multiple modernities have emerged as a result, above all, a complex analysis in which epistemic colonialism is debilitated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]