Ionospheric disturbances due to thunderstorms.

The paper gives an account of the disturbances in the ionosphere due to the acoustic gravity waves produced by thunderstorms. It explains the phenomena that the ionospheric disturbances in the F-region are numerous and much more pronounced than in the E-region. It describes the mode of travelling of ionospheric disturbances due to horizontally moving waves that escape reflection and travel in the ducting mode. The theoretical analysis tallies fairly well with the experimental work of various authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]