Simultaneous voltammetry of paracetamol, ascorbic acid, and codeine on a palladium-plated aluminum electrode: oxidation pathway and kinetics.

In the present work, the aluminum electrode surface was modified with a thin layer of palladium by dipping its polished surface in a 25% ammonia solution of PdCl2. The electrocatalytic ability of the modified electrode towards the paracetamol (PCT), ascorbic acid (AA), and codeine (CO) oxidation was investigated using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry. The number of electrons for rate-determining step and diffusion coefficient of PCT, AA, and CO were determined. The electro-oxidation pathway and kinetics, including transfer coefficient α and diffusion coefficient D, are estimated. The results indicated that the simultaneous voltammetry of the three compounds was possible in a mixture solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]