Comparative molecular analysis of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from children with atopic dermatitis and healthy subjects in Taiwan.

Background Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are more frequently colonized by Staphylococcus aureus than healthy children. Objectives To assess whether any relationship exists between nasal meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) colonization and subsequent skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI). Patients and methods From 2005 through 2006, comparative molecular analyses of 23 MRSA-colonizing isolates from 133 children with AD, 44 MRSA-colonizing isolates from 490 healthy controls, and 12 MRSA-infecting isolates from 20 children with AD and concurrent SSTI were conducted. Results Nasal MRSA colonization in children with AD was significantly higher compared with normal individuals (17·3% vs. 9·0%; P = 0·01). The molecular characteristics differed significantly between the MRSA isolates from children with AD and the MRSA-colonizing isolates from healthy controls. The clone characterized as sequence type (ST)59 (338)/pulsotype B/staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec) VT/Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-positive/staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-positive accounted for half of the MRSA isolates from children with AD, and another clone, characterized as ST59/pulsotype A/SCC mec IV/PVL-negative/SEB-positive accounted for 61% of the MRSA-colonizing isolates from healthy controls. Conclusions We found MRSA colonizing the anterior nares of a large number of Taiwanese children, especially among those with AD. Analysis of our data provides evidence that links MRSA-colonizing isolates to MRSA-infecting isolates from concurrent SSTI in children with AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]