Teknolojik yetkinliklerin doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardan bilgi transferine etkileri.

It is commonly emphasized in the international policy agenda as well as in the "FDI spillover" literature that the inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flow has positive impacts on the growth of host countries by creating new employment opportunities, accumulation of capital stock, and "spillovers" of superior technology and knowledge to host economy and to local firms. Especially for less developed countries which are generally associated with limited capital accumulation, low level of industrial and technological capability and insufficient human capital, transfer of advanced technological knowledge is regarded a critical factor to upgrade their national technological capabilities. Thus, in order to benefit from technology spillovers that occur "autonomously" as a result of quantitative accumulation of FDIs in the national economy, it is generally suggested for less developed countries to improve their national investment climate to attract more Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs). However, previous studies in different country contexts showed that in cases where the necessary local conditions and capabilities were lacking, the transfer of technological knowledge from FDIs did not occur, and on the contrary to what was expected, the long-term effects of FDIs to the host countries have been negative. Moreover, even the existence of the business linkages between MNCs' foreign affiliates and local firms themselves can not guarantee the flow of technological knowledge. Transfer of highvalue added knowledge requires certain level of capabilities and efforts of both MNC foreign affiliates and local firms, and certain level of collaboration among them. This research aims to explore how the technology using and technology creating capabilities of local firms affect the knowledge transfer content, intensity and channels from the foreign affiliates of multinational corporations to local firms in supplier-buyer relationships. The methodological approach of this research is based on qualitative analysis of case studies and face-to-face in-depth interviews with the respondents of 7 local supplier firms and 7 foreign affiliates of MNCs. The findings of case studies with local supplier firms showed that the production scales, production capabilities and design capabilities of local firms have significant impacts on their positions in the supply chain of their customer firms, on the nature of their relationships with their customer firms, and on the channels, content and intensity of knowledge transfer from the foreign affiliates of multinational customer firms. … [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]