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The article discusses cured ham and its place in the traditional Mediterranean diet as well as its emblematic status of the agri-food quality of Andalusia. Cured ham has two protective designations of origins including the Denominaciones de Origen Protegidas (DOP) and Denominación Específica, which is a specific denomination dedicated to environmental responsibility of all ham production processes. An in-depth discussion of the production of Iberian ham is presented.