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Acylated and desacyl ghrelin stimulate lipid accumulation in human visceral adipocytes.
- Source :
-
International Journal of Obesity . May2009, Vol. 33 Issue 5, p541-552. 12p. 2 Charts, 6 Graphs. - Publication Year :
- 2009
-
Abstract
- Objectives:The orexigenic hormone ghrelin circulates mainly in two forms, acylated and desacyl ghrelin. We evaluated the impact of obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes (T2D) on ghrelin forms and the potential role of acylated and desacyl ghrelin in the control of adipogenesis in humans.Methods:Plasma concentrations of the different ghrelin forms were measured in 80 subjects. The expression of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHS-R) was analyzed in omental adipose tissue using western blot and immunohistochemistry, and the effect of acylated ghrelin and desacyl ghrelin (0.1–1000 pmol l−1) on adipogenesis was determined in vitro in omental adipocytes.Results:Circulating concentrations of acylated ghrelin were increased, whereas desacyl ghrelin levels were decreased, in obesity and obesity-associated T2D. Body mass index, waist circumference, insulin and HOMA (homeostasis model assessment) index were positively correlated with acylated ghrelin levels. Obese individuals showed a lower protein expression of GHS-R in omental adipose tissue. In differentiating omental adipocytes, incubation with both acylated and desacyl ghrelin significantly increased PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) and SREBP1 (sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1) mRNA levels, as well as several fat storage-related proteins, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase and perilipin. Consequently, both the ghrelin forms stimulated intracytoplasmatic lipid accumulation.Conclusions:Both acylated and desacyl ghrelin stimulate lipid accumulation in human visceral adipocytes. Given the lipogenic effect of acylated ghrelin on visceral adipocytes, the herein-reported elevation of its circulating concentrations in obese individuals may play a role in excessive fat accumulation in obesity.International Journal of Obesity (2009) 33, 541–552; doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.40; published online 24 February 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03070565
- Volume :
- 33
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Obesity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39260299
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.40