Aortic stenosis.

The article discusses aortic stenosis, its epidemiology, causes, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medical and surgical treatments. The management of mild, severe asymptomatic, and far advanced aortic stenosis is discussed. Causes for the disease include calcific aortic stenosis, congential aortic stenosis, and rheumatic valve disease. The pathophysiology related to symptoms such as dyspnoea and syncope is examined. Diagnosis includes a physical examination and diagnostic studies using echocardiogram. Brain natriuretic peptide is described as a potential useful marker in predicting the onset of symptoms. The use of statins to slow the progression of coronary disease is also examined. Aortic valve replacement for patients with severe symptomatic and asymptomatic disease is also discussed.