Introduction.

The article discusses the highlights of the "2nd Workshop on Granular Materials in Lunar and Martian Exploration," held in March 2006 at the 10th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Challenging Environments. The meeting is intended to engage the science and engineering communities about core knowledge needed to build machines. The machines will be used to dig and handle the vacuum dry cohesive lunar regolith.