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Estrogenic activity and reproductive effects of the UV-filter oxybenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-methanone) in fish
- Source :
-
Aquatic Toxicology . Nov2008, Vol. 90 Issue 3, p182-187. 6p. - Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Abstract: Previous studies in extracts of sediments surrounding municipal outfalls off the coast of California, USA and effluents of New York City, NY, USA indicated the UV-filtering agent, oxybenzone (CAS# 131-57-7; benzophenone-3) as a potential estrogen. The effects of oxybenzone on estrogenic activity and reproduction were evaluated using a 14-day juvenile rainbow trout assay for plasma vitellogenin and a subsequent 21-day Japanese medaka reproduction assay. Significant induction of vitellogenin was observed in the rainbow trout at the 1000μg/L nominal concentration (749μg/L median measured value) of oxybenzone which was approximately 75 times greater than the concentrations observed in previous wastewater effluent. Vitellogenin induction was also observed in the 1000μg/L nominal concentration (620μg/L median measured) of oxybenzone in male Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) after 21 days of exposure. The number of eggs produced per female per day exposed to the same concentration (620μg/L) were significantly lower after 7 days, but returned to control values after 21 days. Fertilized eggs were then monitored for 20 days to assess hatching success. The overall percentage of fertilized eggs collected during the 21-day exposure that hatched was significantly lower in the 620μg/L oxybenzone concentration. There was also a temporal effect at this concentration as egg viability (percentage of fertilized eggs that hatched) was diminished 13–15 days after eggs were collected. All three oxybenzone concentrations (16, 132, and 620μg/L) and the 50ng/L estradiol positive control showed reduced hatching of eggs at day 15, and the 132 and 620μg/L oxybenzone concentrations diminished the percentage of eggs that hatched on days 13–15. These data indicate that the UV-filter oxybenzone alters endocrine or reproduction endpoints in two fish species, but at concentrations significantly higher than those measured in the environment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0166445X
- Volume :
- 90
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Aquatic Toxicology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 35070471
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.08.018