Leucémie aiguë CD4+/CD56+: à propos d’un cas clinique au service d’hématologie CHU Purpan, Toulouse (France).

The authors report the case of a patient with acute leukaemia (AL) CD4+/CD56+ considered as the rare case of AL. These cells CD4+/CD56+ result from a lymphoid transformation related to the dendritic cells plasmocytoïdes. The clinical picture is the infiltrated cutaneous lesions associated a swollen glands syndrome. The diagnosis is suspected by cytology analysis and confirmed by immunophenotype and cytogenetic which finds a massive infiltration medullary blastic which expresses CD4+ and CD56+, the negativity of the markers T, B and the myeloid markers and cytogenetic abnormalities 5, 9 and 15. Whatever type or regimen of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is tried, the outcome remains dismal. The relapses are frequent and are especially in skin, marrow and central nervous system. Themedian survival at 1 year was 52% for the patients treated by polychemotherapy and 60% after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Presently, no therapies have demonstrated remissions for 5 years or more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]