Interdependence and Immigration.

Few issues are as central to the institution of state sovereignty as immigration and border controls. Retaining control over the flow of people across its borders not only is important to forward state interests, but also in defining the polity that it represents. Historically, states have been defensive of their autonomy to determine immigration policy and have generally refrained from multilateral institutions that could constrain this policy autonomy. However, since 1945, the pressures of globalization have created incentives for states to cooperate in managing migration. This is especially the case since 9/11 when border security is increasingly a function of coordinated responses between and among states. Increasingly, states are turning to other states to better manage international migration. This paper examines the process by which immigration and border management has shifted from the domestic policy sphere to the international, as interdependence has grown in scope and depth since 1945. Empirical evidence drawn from Europe and North America trace the evolution of multilateral efforts to both facilitate migration (Treaty of Rome, Schengen Agreement, Bracero Program, H1-B and L-1 Visas, Visa Waiver Program, etc.) and control migration (Schegen, Dublin Convention, "Smart Borders" agreements, etc.). ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]