Jews and courts: An introduction.

The article focuses on the depiction of the relationship between Jews and courts in various literary works. It claims that the prescriptive and descriptive writings about courts manifest exemplary behaviors, conduct, and speech in the Jewish society. It also considers historian Fritz Baer's archival document which took account on court Jews. Moreover, it dealt on author Rita Costa Gomes' research on the late medieval Portuguese court society regarding the indistinctness of medieval courts.