Ciudadanía, informalidad y Estado en Venezuela: Una aproximación a través de las redes.

In the present global and local contexts of change and transformation on all levels, normally summed up by the idea of globalization, it is possible to appreciate two tendencies in the political and economic spheres: the emergence and operation of social and civic actors organized under the category of civic societies, within the framework of democratic processes and popular participation, together with the growth of social and productive activities developed mainly but not exclusively by popular and impoverished sectors, defined as informal economy. This paper, based on the network analysis or focus, and based methodologically on the review of academic literature generated around this topic, attempts to develop a thesis based on which civic society and the informal economy represent complex movements or forces in the societal network for the purpose of approaching or distancing itself from public or state management, the discretion-ality of which is weakened on the global plane by a crisis in the welfare state, and on the national level by the complexity of the political, social and economic situation in Venezuela. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]