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A controlled family study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Tourette's disorder.
- Source :
-
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry . Nov2006, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p1354-1362. 9p. 5 Charts. - Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- <bold>Objective: </bold>Although attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently comorbid with Tourette's disorder (TD), it is unclear whether they have a common genetic etiology. Familial relationships between DSM-IV ADHD and TD are studied in TD+ADHD, TD-only (TD-ADHD), ADHD-only (ADHD-TD), and control groups.<bold>Method: </bold>Case-control, direct-interview family study of 692 relatives of 75 TD+ADHD, 74 TD-only, 41 ADHD-only, and 49 control probands collected between 1999 and 2004. Age-corrected prevalence rates, odds ratios, and predictors of TD, ADHD, and OCD among relatives are estimated from blinded best-estimate diagnoses using survival Kaplan-Meier and generalized estimating equation regression analyses.<bold>Results: </bold>In relatives of the TD-only group, although ADHD exceeded control rates (p=.03), ADHD-TD (p=.51) rates were not increased. In the ADHD-only group, TD was increased (p=.004) but TD-ADHD rates were not increased (p=.18). Comorbid ADHD+TD diagnoses in relatives were elevated in all case groups (p<or=.03). TD in relatives predicted comorbid ADHD (p<.001), and ADHD in relatives predicted comorbid TD (p<.001). OCD in relatives predicted both ADHD (p=.002) and TD (p<.001) in relatives.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>TD and ADHD are not alternate phenotypes of a single underlying genetic cause. There is an increased risk of comorbid ADHD and TD in affected families, possibly reflecting some overlapping neurobiology or pathophysiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- *ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder
*TOURETTE syndrome
*BEHAVIOR disorders in children
*TIC disorders
*MEDICAL genetics
*PATHOLOGICAL psychology
*GENETICS
*COMPARATIVE studies
*FAMILIES
*RESEARCH methodology
*MEDICAL cooperation
*MENTAL status examination
*RESEARCH
*PHENOTYPES
*COMORBIDITY
*EVALUATION research
*CASE-control method
*ODDS ratio
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 08908567
- Volume :
- 45
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Academic Search Index
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 22912645
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1097/01.chi.0000251211.36868.fe