The double emergence of the Modified Internal Rate of Return: The neglected financial work of Duvillard (1755 – 1832) in a comparative perspective *.

This article aims at enhancing current understanding of the history of investment evaluation criteria based on discounting. Their emergence constitutes a challenging issue for scholars devoted to the history of financial economics, as well as to fundamental tools of economic analysis. Their history is analysed in a comparative perspective, starting with the neglected contribution of Duvillard as a reference case. More than two centuries ago, this French language scholar developed, by an optimizing analytical machinery, a financial measure technically similar to Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR). In order to assess his theoretical contribution in a comparative perspective, the author will try to briefly account for the different contexts where the financial measure has been invented twice. This approach, indeed, is concerned with the institutional changes and the theoretical developments they fostered. It analyses concepts such as time preference, techniques such as discounting and issues such as the ‘reinvestment problem’. On the one hand, the Past (especially around the eighteenth century) and Duvillard's contribution is explored. On the other hand, the Present is reconstructed (in particular the late Fifties and later), especially the recent debate that re-invented the MIRR. This article will conclude with some comparative results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]