An Enlightenment View of School Health.

The article examines an 18th-century copper engraving by Daniel Nicolaus Chodowiecki that was published in "Methodenbuch für Väter und Mütter der Familien und Völker (Textbook for Fathers and Mothers of Families and Others)," written by Johann Bernard Basedow in 1770. The illustration depicts students at the Philanthropins institution engaged in some form of physical activity, including horseback riding, gardening, or fencing. According to the article, the physical activities had the advantage of helping the pupil enhance his attentiveness to his own body or nature. The article discusses attentiveness training, teachers during the European Enlightenment, and Basedow's educational philosophy, which linked the physical activities and the personalities of his students.