EFECTO DE LA VARIEDAD EN EL DESARROLLO DE EMBRIONES in vitro DE VIDES ESTENOSPERMOCÁRPICAS.

The goal of the table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding program of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de. Investigación La Platina, is to obtain new varieties with good quality, high yield, large berry size and long post harvest life. In stenospermocarpic seedless cultivars premature abortion of developing seeds occurs. However, with the embryo rescue technique and in vitro culture, it is possible to use seedless cultivars as mothers. The aim of this work was to study cultivar effect whether pollinating or mother, on the percentage of plantlets per ovule obtained through this technique. The results of crosses made during five years among seven cultivars and their reciprocal crosses were analyzed. The main factor affecting the yield of embryos per ovule and plantlets per embryos was the variety used as mother. The cultivars Ruby Seedless and Red Seedless showed the highest percentage of embryos/ovule, with 68 and 40%, respectively. On the other hand, Superior and Black Seedless produced only 30% of embryos per ovule. The mean percentage of plantlets per embryo obtained varied between 10.5% for Black Seedless x Superior to 81.3% for Ruby Seedless x Flame Seedless. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]