Agreement is money: beyond the chartalist reading of Adam Smith.

Smith is the precursor of neither the orthodox nor the heterodox view of money. For him, money arose neither as medium of exchange out of barter, as in the orthodox view, nor as unit of account established by the state, as in the heterodox view. Instead, money emerges in that agreement on the valuation of mutual services in which exchange based on the desire for deserved credit consists. Money emerges in exchange, but, unlike the orthodox view, it emerges as measure of value. Unlike the heterodox perspective, paper money is a possible consequence of a historical process, not its beginning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]