Biosensors: An innovative approach in tissue engineering.

Biosensors has widened its application in the stream of health care and tissue engineering applications. Biosensors serve as precise, sensitive and rapid tools offering valuable capabilities for the diagnosis of diseases in tissue engineering applications. Biosensors facilitates the detection of various analytes and small transduction unit for detecting various analytes. The combination of real time and onsite micro bio-physiological signaling of biological, physical and chemical technologies is the working principle of biosensors. Thus, the biosensors can act superior to the traditional assays and techniques. Various fabrication techniques like tissue engineering purposes, like computer numeric control (CNC), Photolithography, Casting and 3 D printing technologies has various applications in the domain of tissue engineering. Primary development has been achieved in the domains of cell/ tissue-based biosensors, flexible biosensors, biomolecular biosensors. In the context of further applications of the biosensors, we can witness cell tissue-based biosensors, biomolecular sensing strategies, organ on chip, paper-based biochips, flexible biosensors. With the more developments with due course of time, the biosensors have widened the researchers' interest in its application in cell culture and tissue engineering like real time detection of small molecules like glucose, lactose, peroxides, free radicals, and large molecular size serum proteins like albumin, fetoprotein, inflammatory biomolecules like cytokines like TNF, Interleukins, etc. This review we have provided glimpse into the latest developments in Biosensors for tissue engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]