Integrative taxonomy and revision of the Neotropical Biomphalaria tenagophila (Mollusca: Planorbidae) complex taxa.

Morphological and molecular studies of the taxa of the Biomphalaria tenagophila complex were conducted on specimens from Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. The morphological analysis included aspects of the shell, mantle, excretory organs and reproductive system. DNA barcode, ABGD and mPTP were used to group specimens into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and in attempt to solve species boundary delimitation problems within the Biomphalaria tenagophila complex. Population analyzes were also performed based on the cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) and 16S genes. The seminal vesicle, extension of the oviduct in relation to the distal ovispermioduct, vaginal pouch, aspect of the penial complex, aspect of the prepuce diaphragm, diaphragm papilla, extension of the penial sheath in relation to the prepuce and prepuce dimensions are essential for the determination of the taxa of the Biomphalaria tenagophila complex. An updated molecular phylogeny for Biomphalaria based on COI, 16S and ITS2 genes is presented and recover Biomphalaria tenagophila complex as monophyletic. The morphological, population and phylogenetic data observed in an integrated way define taxonomic questions, such as the proposition of a new status for B. guaibensis, which integrates into the Biomphalaria tenagophila complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]