DIFFERENCES IN AEROBIC CAPACITY AND RUNNING SPEED ACROSS VARIOUS SOMATOTYPE STRUCTURES AND BODY FAT COMPOSITIONS AMONG PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL ATHLETES IN INDONESIA.

This study investigates the effects of somatotype structure and body fat composition on aerobic capacity and running speed. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 27 professional football athletes from Bhayangkara Football Club in Bekasi, Indonesia. This study measured several variables, namely age, playing position, somatotype structure assessed using the Somatotype Rating Form and Heath-Carter Somatochart, body fat composition measured using the Brozek and Siri formulas, aerobic capacities determined by the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2 max) through the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2, and running speed over a 30 m distance. The data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), frequency (n), and percentage. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine the normality of the data distribution. The statistical analyses included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the post-hoc least significant difference (LSD) test, the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the post-hoc Mann-Whitney test, as well as the independent t-test, the Mann-Whitney test, and Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The athletes predominantly exhibited a mesomorph-endomorph somatotype (88.9%). Significant correlations were found between mesomorph rating and running speed (r=-0.548; p=0.003), body fat composition and aerobic capacity (r=-0.448; p=0.019), as well as age and aerobic capacity (r=-0.515; p=0.006). Significant differences in aerobic capacity were observed among various age groups (p=0.031). There were also differences in body fat composition (p=0.003) and running speed (p=0.036) between the two somatotypes. These findings underscore the importance of individualized training and conditioning programs that take into account the unique body compositions and ages of athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]