Apoptosis y su asociación con los parámetros histopatológicos de lesión intraepitelial escamosa del cuello uterino.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between apoptosis and the histopathological parameters that define squamous intraepithelial lesion of the uterine cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional, and relational study, by histopathological study of cervical biopsies with colposcopic suspicion of squamous intraepithelial lesion received at the Department of Pathology in the years 2018-2021. The following parameters were evaluated: apoptosis, koilocytes, number of mitoses, mitosis height, atypical mitosis, chromatin, basaloid atypia, nucleolus, and intraepithelial neutrophils. With the SPSS software, Pearson's Chi-square, Phi, Cramer's V and probability ratio for apoptosis were calculated with each of the parameters. Subsequently, the association and the measurement of the strength of association between apoptosis and the histopathological diagnosis of the studied cases were determined. RESULTS: A total of 624 glass slides were studied. A significant and relatively strong association was observed between apoptosis and bi-multinucleations, chromatin alterations, increased mitosis, and mitosis above the suprabasal layer, and a significant and moderate association between apoptosis and koilocytes, basaloid atypia, atypical mitosis, overlap and nuclear density. A significant and strong association was demonstrated between apoptosis and histopathological diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (Cramer's V: 701, p <.001) and a significant but weak and negative association with low-grade intraepithelial lesion (Phi: -.263, p <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis is strongly associated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and weakly and negatively associated with low-grade lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]