Title: Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Gastritis in tertiary care hospital : Study from Eastern India.

Background: Gastritis, a significant public health concern worldwide, involves inflammation or irritation of the gastric mucosa. This condition is influenced by various factors such as health behaviors, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, living conditions, and habits. It can be acute, chronic, or severe and is often associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Contributing factors to gastritis include smoking, alcohol consumption, spicy foods, medications, stress, and infections. In India, the prevalence of gastritis is notable, with recent studies indicating a high incidence of H. pylori infection. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and contributing factors of gastritis among patients in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, noninterventional study was conducted with 150 subjects aged 14-65 years diagnosed with gastritis at MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, dietary habits, economic status, family history, stress levels, drug use, and medical history. Ethical approval was obtained, and written consent was provided by each participant. Results: Out of 150 subjects, 73% were male and 27% female, indicating a male predominance. The age groups 14-25 and 36-45 years had the highest prevalence. A significant proportion (75%) had a mixed diet, and 54% were alcoholics, predominantly males. Urban residents (68%) exhibited a higher incidence of gastritis. Blood group A Rh+ was predominant (46%), and 6% were hypertensive. Spicy food consumption (73%) and frequent NSAID use (61%) were notable risk factors. High stress levels were reported by 47% of the participants. Associations were found between gastritis and psychological stress, menstrual history, sleeping patterns, and educational levels. Discussion: Gastritis prevalence is influenced by male gender, urban residence, alcohol consumption, spicy food intake, and frequent NSAID use. The findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions to address these risk factors. Physical labor, particularly among males, and stress are significant contributors. The study underscores the need for preventive strategies focusing on lifestyle modifications and stress management to reduce gastritis incidence. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the prevalence and contributing factors of gastritis in the hospital. Males, urban residents, and individuals consuming spicy food and alcohol are at higher risk. The findings call for public health initiatives to address these risk factors through education, lifestyle changes, and stress reduction programs. Future research should explore tailored preventive strategies to mitigate the burden of gastritis in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]