Effects of wrist orthoses in reducing pain in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome: a systematic review.

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of wrist orthoses in reducing pain in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome. Materials and methods: The searches were carried out in the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on 18 February 2021, and updated on 16 February 2023. Four independent evaluators performed the steps for inclusion of studies following the recommendations of the PRISMA and methods of the Cochrane Handbook for systematic review. Results: Three randomized clinical trials, two quasi-randomized clinical trials and one cohort study met the inclusion criteria. The visual analogue scale and numeric analog scale were used as a tool to assess pain outcome. The treatment period ranged from 2 weeks to 3 months. The period of use varied between nighttime only, and nighttime plus daytime. Most orthoses promoted a statistically significant reduction in intensity pain at night, at rest or during activities. Only one study carried out follow-up after the end of treatment and showed that pain reduction was maintained up to 6 months after treatment. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the isolated use of orthoses were effective in reducing pain in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Orthoses are effective in reducing pain in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome. Orthoses can be used nighttime or nighttime plus daytime according to the necessity. Prefabricated orthosis may represent lower cost and greater accessibility. Pain reduction can be maintained up to 6 months after the end of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]