Titanate nanorod/reduced graphene oxide-filled poly (vinylidene fluoride) fibers as piezoelectric nanogenerators.

To investigate the influence of nanorod ceramic powders MTiO 3 (M: Mg, Co, Ni) as fillers on the electrical performance, piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG) device, were constructed using the electrospinning method with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and ceramic powders. The composite nanofibers were characterized using SEM, EDX, ATR-FTIR, EDS-mapping analysis, and XRD. Sensing capacity of the PVDF-RGO-MTiO 3 nanofiber-based PENG were compared. Utilizing CoTiO 3 (CT) in the PENG resulted in a voltage output of 17.03, which exhibited the best piezoelectric response. Observations revealed that mechanical stimulation could charge different capacitors, suggesting a viable platform for removing the requirement of an external power source for operating portable devices. With varying resistances in the circuit, the resistance of 104 Ω produced the maximum power density of 1.40 mW/cm2. When comparing the P-RGO-CT composite to pure PVDF, the differential scanning calorimetric analysis revealed that the thermal stability and crystallinity percentage increased. Tensile testing was used to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of P-RGO-CT PENG. The maximum stress and breaking strain that the nanofiber film can tolerate are 50 kPa and 33.9 %, respectively. EIS investigations obtained that the real intrinsic internal resistance of the P-RGO-CT PENG electrode is lower than PVDF, demonstrating the good conductivity of the synthesized PENG electrode. The impedance spectrum of the PENG electrode is almost parallel to the Z im axis, demonstrating good capacitance performance. [Display omitted] • Piezoelectric nanogenerators were constructed using lead-free perovskite materials. • Energy harvesting and sensing capability were evaluated. • The impedance spectrum demonstrates good capacitance performance. • The incorporation of MTiO 3 enhances the mechanical stability of the polymer matrix. • PENGs are more resilient of withstanding the forces and stresses of human motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]