Phytochemical profile and biological activities of Brassica oleracea var. elongata leaf and seed extracts: An in vitro study.

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and in vitro biological activities of leaf and seed extracts of Brassica oleracea var. elongata. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and reducing sugars in both methanolic and aqueous extracts. Quantitative analysis showed that methanolic extracts contained higher levels of polyphenols and flavonoids than aqueous extracts, with methanolic seed extract exhibiting the highest polyphenol content (4.399±0.14 mg GAEq/g). High-performance liquid chromatography analysis identified significant concentrations of gallic acid (1180.20 µg/100 mg), chlorogenic acid (8323.831 µg/g), and quercetin (5512.58±0.02 µg/100 mg) in extracts. Antioxidant activity assays demonstrated potent effects, with methanolic leaf extract showing the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (IC50 : 0.058±0.001 mg/mL) and aqueous leaf extract exhibiting the highest activity in the β -carotene bleaching method (EC50 : 0.049±0.001 mg/mL). Ultraviolet protection potential was assessed, revealing promising sun protection factor (SPF) values of all extracts, with methanolic seed extract having the highest SPF of 45.58±10. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity revealed the aqueous leaf extract's remarkable inhibition of inflammation (94.8%). Antimicrobial assays showed notable antibacterial effects, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of Brassica oleracea extracts and warrant further exploration into their applications in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]