Diversity and activities pattern of nocturnal mosquitoes in Tegaldowo and Paweden Villages in Pekalongan Regency Central Java, Indonesia.

The study aimed to investigate the diversity and nocturnal activities of mosquitoes in Tegaldowo and Paweden Villages, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java, particularly in areas endemic to filariasis where information and data were lacking. Mosquitoes were collected using hand nets and aspirators over a one-hour period from 6 pm to 6 am, targeting both active and resting mosquitoes indoors and outdoors. The results identified four mosquito species: Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles subpictus, and Armigeres subalbatus. The nocturnal activities of these species exhibited specific patterns. Culex tritaeniorhynchus tended to be active in the early night (6-7 pm), Culex quinquefasciatus showed activity around the middle of the night to early morning (11 pm-3 am), Anopheles subpictus was active during midnight, and Armigeres subalbatus was active during twilight. Furthermore, the study found moderate negative correlations (-0.6636 to -0.6091) and moderate positive correlations (0.5830-0.7474) for Culex quinquefasciatus activities with temperature and humidity, respectively. These correlations indicate that temperature and humidity have some influence on the nocturnal activities of Culex quinquefasciatus, contributing to a better understanding of mosquito behavior in the studied areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]