PARAMETERS RESULTING FROM NON-INVASIVE AND INVASIVE BIOMONITORING RESEARCH ON PLANTS.

Currently, air pollution is one of the main environmental problems, and urbanization is considered one of the most dangerous changes that an ecosystem can undergo. Biological monitoring of urban habitats is needed to determine both atmospheric pollutants and their effects on organisms. Biomonitoring is a common and feasible method for air quality assessment in different environments. Plants are organisms constantly exposed to air, thus they are the primary receptors of all particles and pollutants in the atmosphere. In monitoring plants in urban environments, it is essential to identify and evaluate the right parameters to give us a complete and detailed picture of their state of health and evolution. This review paper aims to mention the parameters that respond as bioindicators in the monitoring of plant organisms to reveal relevant data regarding the environmental quality of their habitat, considering both invasive and non-invasive methods. Biomonitoring techniques using nondestructive methods are becoming increasingly important due to their advantages over chemicalanalytical methods. In vivo methods, which are based on both imaging and spectroscopic approaches, are recently increasingly optimized due to the advantages they offer in the field. In order to achieve the most exhaustive classification of plant parameters, various evaluable plant characteristics, morphological, morphometric, biochemical, and physiological aspects were considered, thus providing a solid basis for data analysis and interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]