Platelet-enriched microRNAs as novel biomarkers in atherosclerotic and cardiovascular disease patients.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health challenge. Various studies have shown that genetic and environmental factors play roles in the development and progression of CVD. Small non-coding RNAs, namely microRNAs (miRs), regulate gene expression and have key roles in essential cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle, differentiation, and proliferation. Currently, clinical studies highlight the critical role of platelets and miRs in coronary thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and CVD. METHODS: Using search engines such as PubMed and Scopus, articles studying platelet miRs and their effects on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease were reviewed. RESULTS: This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the association of platelet- related miRs as prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Taken together, data show that platelet-related miRs not only play important roles in the initial development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but they are also considered prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in CVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]