Sustainable Utilization of Oak Bark for MnO2 Catalyst Synthesis.

Sustainable catalyst synthesis offers a fundamental development via utilizing plants reducing the dependency on synthetic chemicals and minimizing environmental impact. This study presents a sustainable approach to catalysis through the synthesis of MnO2 using oak bark as a precursor. The catalyst synthesis was characterized using various analytical techniques including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). FT-IR analysis confirmed the chemical structure and functional groups peak observed at 1709 cm−1 is indicative of the stretching vibration of conjugated alkenes' C–C bonds. XRD revealed the crystalline nature and phase purity, confirming the formation of MnO2. HPLC analysis demonstrated the catalytic activity of MnO2 catalyst organic transformations derived from oak bark includes polyphenolic compounds such as gallic acid (RT 9.2 min; C7H6O5), condensed tannins like proanthocyanidin (RT 21.7 min; C31H28O12), quercetin derivatives such as quercetin-3-O-glucoside (RT 32.2 min; C21H20O12), and flavonoids such as kaempferol (RT 35.3 min; C15H10O6). This study emphasizes the feasibility and effectiveness of using natural sources like oak bark for synthesizing eco-friendly catalysis with promising applications in green chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]