Optical simulation of triple-junction tandem solar cell based on SnO2 core nanowire array embedded in CZTSe, Cs2SnI6 and CuAlxIn1−xTe2 layers in bottom, middle and top cells, respectively

This study focuses on optical optimizing triple-junction tandem solar cell using a novel combination of absorber materials and SnO2 vertically aligned nanowire array buffer layers to enhance power conversion efficiency. The absorbers in the bottom, middle and top cells are CZTSe, Cs2SnI6 and CuAlxIn1−xTe2, respectively. The bandgaps of CZTSe and Cs2SnI6 are 1.05 and 1.62 eV, respectively. On the other hand, that of CuAlxIn1−xTe2 depends on x and varies from 1.71 to 2.2 eV. The top cell is coated by an anti-reflective layer. Rigorous coupled wave analysis simulations were used to optimize geometrical parameters of the tandem cell. Results show that the efficiency of the optimized tandem cell reaches 42.15% for x = 0.3 in CuAlxIn1−xTe2. This work helps advance the design of high-performance solar cells for sustainable energy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]