A cross-lagged analysis of sleep condition and physical & mental health among Chinese adults.

Objective To explore the longitudinal relationship between sleep condition and physical & mental health among Chinese adults and to provide a basis for improving sleep condition and preventing related chronic diseases. Methods Based on China Family Panel Studies data, sleep condition index was constructed using self-reported sleep time, quality and daytime function. Physiological health was measured using self-rated health, chronic diseases, physical discomfort and BMI values. Mental health was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. 15 187 adults in three periods (T0: 2016, T1: 2018, T2: 2020) were involved. Trend tests, Cross-lagged path models and robustness tests were used in this study. Results There was a significant downward trend in the sleep time among Chinese adults (Z = -19.609, P < 0.001). The rate of insufficient sleep showed a clear upward trend (Z = -11.542, P < 0.001). Sleep quality (Z = 8.594, P < 0.001) and daytime function (Z = 11.045, P < 0.001) showed significant deterioration trends. Correlation analysis results showed that sleep condition at three time points was positively correlated with physical health (P < 0.001) and mental health (P < 0.001). Cross-lagged analysis results showed that T0 and T1 sleep condition positively predicted T1 and T2 physical health [β = 0.108(95%CI: 0.093-0.122), β = 0.078(95%CI: 0.063-0.092)] and mental health [β = 0.113(95%CI: 0.096-0.126), β = 0.095(95%CI: 0.105-0.136)], T0 and T1 physical health [β = 0.111(95%CI: 0.096-0.129), β = 0.121(95%CI: 0.078-0.111)] and mental health [β = 0.132(95%CI: 0.116-0.149), β = 0.139 (95%CI: 0.122-0.156)] each positively predicted T1 and T2 sleep condition. The cross-lagged analysis results were robust in subgroups. Conclusion There has been a significant and concerning decline in the sleep condition among Chinese adults. There is a bidirectional predictive relationship between sleep condition and physical & mental health across time points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]