PGMF-VINS: Perpendicular-Based 3D Gaussian–Uniform Mixture Filter.

Visual–Inertial SLAM (VI-SLAM) has a wide range of applications spanning robotics, autonomous driving, AR, and VR due to its low-cost and high-precision characteristics. VI-SLAM is divided into localization and mapping tasks. However, researchers focus more on the localization task while the robustness of the mapping task is often ignored. To address this, we propose a map-point convergence strategy which explicitly estimates the position, the uncertainty, and the stability of the map point (SoM). As a result, the proposed method can effectively improve the quality of the whole map while ensuring state-of-the-art localization accuracy. The convergence strategy mainly consists of a perpendicular-based triangulation and 3D Gaussian–uniform mixture filter, and we name it PGMF, perpendicular-based 3D Gaussian–uniform mixture filter. The algorithm is extensively tested on open-source datasets, which shows the RVM (Ratio of Valid Map points) of our algorithm exhibits an average increase of 0.1471 compared to VINS-mono, with a variance reduction of 68.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]