江苏雷暴大风双偏振雷达特征统计分析.

The present study analyzed the environmental parameters of 262 thunderstorm gales in Jiangsu from 2012 to 2022 and the evolution characteristics of 41 convective storms that induced thunderstorm gales in Jiangsu from 2020 to 2022. Data used included sounding data and those from dual-polarization radar, ground automatic stations, and lightning location instruments. The results show that: (1) Thunderstorm gales occurred under the background of unstable atmospheric stratification. The median temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa exceeded 25 ℃, and there was a dry layer in the middle troposphere. In spring, dynamic conditions were better, and the median 0~6 km vertical wind shear reached 18.4 m · s-1, which was twice that of summer. Energy conditions were better in summer, and the average CAPE could reach 2491 J · kg-1, compared with 977.5 J · kg-1 in spring. (2) The conceptual model of the evolution of thunderstorm gales based on dual-polarization characteristics was developed and quantitatively verified: the life history of convective storms was divided into three stages. In the initial stage, there were strong differential reflectivity (ZDR) columns, and weak reflectivity (Z) and specific differential phase (KDP) that did not reach the ground. In the development stage, the KDP column was significantly enhanced, while the ZDR column was slightly weakened. The core height of Z, ZDR and KDP decreased significantly in the stage of thunderstorm gale. Therefore, a strong ZDR column, accompanied by a significantly enhanced KDP column, is a precursor signal for the occurrence of thunderstorm gales. (3) The early-warning indicators of dual-polarization characteristic parameters were obtained: in most cases, the initial stage and development stage occurred 60 minutes and 20 minutes before the occurrence of thunderstorm gale, respectively. At the height of 0~2 km, the ZDR maximum value area of 3~4 dB reached the thunderstorm gale site 10~15 minutes in advance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]