Stable and Durable Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabrics Prepared via a Simple 1,4‐Conjugate Addition Reaction for Ultrahigh Efficient Oil–Water Separation.

Superhydrophobic materials used for oil–water separation have received wide attention. However, the simple and low‐cost strategy for making durable superhydrophobic materials remains a major challenge. Here, this work reports that stable and durable superhydrophobic cotton fabrics can be prepared using a simple two‐step impregnation process. Silica nanoparticles are surface modified by hydrolysis condensation of 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). 1,4‐conjugate addition reaction between the acrylic group of cross‐linking agent pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) and the amino group of octadecylamine (ODA) forms a covalent cross‐linked rough network structure. The long hydrophobic chain of ODA makes the cotton fabric exhibit excellent superhydrophobic properties, and the water contact angle (WCA) of the fabric surface reaches 158°. The modified cotton fabric has good physical and chemical stability, self‐cleaning, and anti‐fouling. At the same time, the modified fabric shows excellent oil/water separation efficiency (98.16% after 20 cycles) and ultrahigh separation flux (15413.63 L m−2 h−1) due to its superhydrophobicity, superoleophilicity, and inherent porous structure. The method provides a broad prospect in the future diversification applications of oil/water separation and oil spill cleaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]