粪肥还田对土壤-植物系统中抗生素和抗性基因 分布特征的影响研究综述.

Manure return to field has caused serious pollution of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil-plant system, which has potential environmental risks. This paper summarized the distribution characteristics of antibiotics and ARGs in manure, soil, and plants and their influencing factors in soil-plant systems. The results showed that microorganisms prolonged exposure to low inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and heavy metals was likely to induce the generation of ARGs, and there were significant geographical and species differences in antibiotic concentration and ARGs abundance in manure and improved soil. Generally, the residues of antibiotics and ARGs in manure and corresponding soil of pigs and chickens were higher than those of cattle. Moreover, antibiotics and antibioticresistant genes were more likely to accumulate in leafy and nightshade vegetables. Manure types, plant species, soil physicochemical properties, heavy metals, and microbial communities affected the distribution of antibiotics and ARGs in the soil-plant system. The migration of antibiotics from manure to soil and plants was greatly affected by the characteristics of antibiotics, and the concentration of antibiotics decreased continuously during transmedia migration. Bacterial communities significantly affect the migration of ARGs, diluted 100 to 1 000 times as they moved from soil to plant. For example, changes in soil microbial community structure will affect the species and abundance of ARGs in different cultivated crops. Research on the concentration control standards of antibiotics and ARGs in organic fertilizer and their migration mechanism needs to be intensified. This review aims to reveal the occurrence characteristics of ARGs in the soil-plant system and provide a basis for a scientific and effective response to the transmedia migration of microbial resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]