Investigating the Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Religious Coping in the Relationship between Resilience and Hardiness among Female-Headed Households.

Background: The quality of life (QOL) experienced by women heads of households can be impacted in various aspects due to the stressful factors they encounter. These factors include economic, social, physical, psychological, legal, and family issues. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the mediating role of positive and negative religious coping in the relationship between resilience and hardiness among women-headed households. Methods: This research was a descriptive-correlative research with structural equation modeling (SEM) design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women heads of households who belonged to the Tehran Welfare Organization, Iran, between July and October 2023. The sampling method was chosen 297 based on the cluster method. Research instruments included the Religious Coping Activities Scale (RCOAS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Hardiness Questionnaire (KHQ). SPSS software was used to perform descriptive statistics and SmartPLS software was used to analyze data trends and standard coefficients. Results: The direct effect of hardiness on resilience (0 = 0.29, P < 0.01), hardiness on positive religious coping (0 = 0.83, P < 0.01), hardiness on negative religious coping (0 = -0.75, P < 0.01), Furthermore, hardiness also had a significant negative influence on negative religious coping (0 = -0.75, P <0.01). Similarly, positive religious coping showed a significant direct effect on resilience (0 = 0.32, P < 0.01). In contrast, negative religious adjustment has a significantly negative effect on resilience (0=-O.4O3, P<0.01). Conclusion: Women heads of the household are exposed to psychological problems due to constant and chronic pressures. Positive religious coping can improve these women by improving their hardiness and resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]